Grade：The second prize
Winners：Chen Peidu, Lu Weizhong, Xin Zhiyong, Zhang Zengyan, Cheng Shunhe, Zhou Miaoping, Zhang Shouzhong, Wang Xiu’e, Lin Zhishan, Zhang Xu, Chen Xiao, Liu Dajun, Ren Lijuan, Gao Derong, Zhang Mingyi, Wang Haohan, Ma Hongxiang, Qi Lili, Zhang Boqiao, Chen Aida, Xu Huijun, Du Lipu, Yao Guocai, Wang Suling, Zhou Bo, Liu Jingyang, Liu Yan, Ma Youzhi, Yao Jinbao and Qi Zengjun.
Collaborators：Nanjing Agricultural University, Crop Science Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural Research Institute of Lixia River Area, Zhangye Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wheat Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Powdery mildew, yellow dwarf and Fusarium head blight (FHB) are three major diseases, which threaten the wheat productionin China. In the accomplished research, we improved wheat resistance to the three diseases by integrated biotechnology approach, including chromosome engineering, tissue culture and molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS). By wide hybridization and chromosome engineering, the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21 from Haynaldia villosa and the yellow dwarf virus resistance gene Bdv2 from Thinopyrum intermedium were introduced into cultivated wheat. Alien translocation lines were developed and their agronomic traits were improved by backcrossing with elite wheat varieties. To improve the FHB resistance of wheat, wheat tissues were cultured under a selection pressure by adding mycotoxin DON in the medium. The somatic variants with enhanced FHB resistance were identified and used for wheat breeding. We developed molecular markers closely linked to or co-segregated with the disease resistance genes. A biotechnology wheat breeding system, which integrated with cell and chromosomeengineering, rolling backcrossing and MAS, as well as accurate multiple-year and multiple-location disease resistance evaluation has been well established. New germplasms containing pyramided resistance genes with both enhanced disease resistance and good agronomic traits have been developed and released to over 50 institutes and organizations in China and worldwide and utilized successfully in wheat breeding program.
By using the above new germplasms and biotechnology breeding system, we developed 15 new wheat varieties, which confer resistances to powdery mildew, FHB and yellow dwarf virus. The developed wheat varieties have been commercialized in a total of 43.19 million Mu (2.88 million ha) of farmland in China, the yield increase was estimated over one billion kg of wheat grains (equal to an economic income of over 1.4 billion RMB). In addition,107 scientific papers were published, and 9 patents and 3 new plant variety IPs were authorized.
